John Hart
The Biography of a Signer
of the
Declaration of Independence

By Cleon E. Hammond

Front Cover:

This is a very scarce book. It was published in in 1977 by The Pioneer Press, Newfane, Vermont. The book measures 6 ¼ inches by 9 ¼ inches and contains xvi, 357 pages. The red cloth cover has the title in gilt on the front and down the spine. The cover shows no signs of wear to speak of. The spine is tight and the hinges are strong. This book was inscribed to a friend and signed by the author. The pages show no signs of rips. Exceptions noted, the overall condition of this book is very good.


Inscription and Signed by the Author

Contents:

Illustration
Maps
Concerning names of persons
Concerning names of places
Concerning Notes and Definitions

  1. The Five Hart Brothers
  2. Captain Edward Hart
  3. John Hart son Edeard
  4. In the Colonial Assembly
  5. Man of Many Interests
  6. To the Independent…
  7. Jersey’s Darkest Hour
  8. June 22, 1778
  9. Faithful and Upright Patriot

  1. The Crisis
  2. John Hart’s Portrait
  3. The Hart Mills
  4. Presbyterian or Baptist?
  5. Horse Fancier
  6. Slave Owner Hart
  7. The Family Bible
  8. Was Hart There July Fourth?
  9. Man Without Letters
  10. The Hart Family Background
  11. Rock House
  12. The Signer’s Sons; Jesse, Nathaniel, John, Edward, Scudder, Daniel
  13. The Signer’s Daughters; Sarah Wikoff, Martha Wood, Susannah Polhemus, Mary, Abigail Stout, Deborah Ott
  14. The Homestead Plantation
  15. Miscellanea
    • The Hart Coat of Arms
    • Artist John Hart (1825-1904)
    • The Hunt Burial Ground
    • The Hart Monument
    • Was John Hart a Mason?
    • The Family Doctor
    • The Rarity of Hart Writings
  16. John Hart’s Will and Inventory of Possessions
  17. Hart’s Biographers

  18. Appendix
    Notes
    Definitions
    Bibliography
    Acknowledgements
    Index


Copyright



Excerpt - Slave Owner Hart:
John Hart had reason enough to look unkindly upon slaves… and a lesser man might have projected his feelings in the treatment of his own slaves. Probably the greatest tragedy in his life occurred in 1767 when his brother Daniel, was murdered by his own slave, named Cuff. As it was reported at the time:
From Hunderdon County in New Jersey, we learn, that MR. Daniel Hart, of that Place, was cruelly murdered by his own Negro, on Monday Morning the 12th Instant, in the following Manner, viz. Mr. Hart called the Negro up to his work, as usual, which he refused, for which he intended to chastise him, but as soon as Mr. hart entered the Negro’s Room, the Fellow stab’d him in several Places with his Knife. Mr. Hart, not expecting, nor being prepared for such cruel Treatment, with difficulty got down Stairs, but was followed by the Negro, where the Villain got an Ax, and dispatched him by a cruel Wound on the Shoulder, and some other Parts of the Body. The Cries of the Father being heard by his Son, a young Man, who was but a little Way from the House, coming up to see what was the Matter, received a terrible Wound on the Cheek from the Negro, who would have dispatched the Son as well as the Father, had he not saved his Life by Flight. The Negro then went into his Master’s House, and finding his Mistress had absconded, who, we make no Doubt he intended to dispatch, he armed himself with his Ax and Knife, and took to the Woods, and we have not heard whether or no he has been taken.

Daniel died the same day; but the slave was not found until two days later.

It seems he took a Rope from off one of his Master’s Horses the Night after he committed the Murder by which he was found hanging. His dead Body was burnt the Day after.

The horror of this tragedy made a lasting impression upon Hopewell and the location in the woods, a mile or so from Daniel Hart’s farm where the fugitive was found, is still known by some as Cuffee’s Hollow. “For many years it was a very haunted place and those who know the story would not dare to venture there.”
End excerpt


Old Hopewell, Province of West Jersey


Original Richard Betts Scudder homestead, overlooking Scudder’s Falls on the Delaware, where John Hart courted Deborah Scudder in 1739. From an old engraving, courtesy of John M. Scudder, Jr., the Scudder Association, Inc.


Stone dwelling house, believed to have been the first home of John and Deborah Hart. Courtesy of present owners, Mr. & Mrs. Robert B. Stewart, Hopewell, N.J.


In the New Jersey Provincial Assembly, John Hart represented Morris and Sussex as well as Hunterdon County 1761-1771.


Left: Nathaniel Hart c. 1800-1894
Right: John Hart 1825-1904


Left: John Booth 18094-1894
Right: Deborah Hart Booth 1786-1873


Left: Joseph Hart, Sr., 1797-1881
Susannah Hart Polhemus 1750-1832
Daughter of Signer John Hart


The Original portrait of Signer John Hart, by Henry Bryan Hall, 1869


Top: The boulders known as Rock House
Bottom: where John Hart hid in December, 1776


John Hart Monument by the Meeting House in Hopewell. Erected by the State of New Jersey, 1865. Artist John Hart’s Brother and Sister Photo.

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